ROLE OF AGRICULTURALLY IMPORTANT MICROORGANISMS IN STSUTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

R.K.SINGH

Microbes are the tiny living organism not visible through naked eye. However, they play a very important role in nature and contribute a lot for plants, animals and human beings. In general, they represent both groups, the prokarytes and eukaryotes. Bacteria and blue green algae are the sole representatives of the former group of organisms. Among eukaryotes, algae, protozoa, actinomycetes and fungi are placed as microbes. In agriculture, fungi, bacteria, algae and viruses are important with respect to their contribution either in the form of loss or gain in the production of grains, fruits, vegetables, oil, milk, poultry, fodder and livestock.

The Atmosphere around human being is comprised of three components air, water and soil. In all three components, microbes play a vital function. With respect to agriculture, soil is the most important component and microbes are the part of the soil. Most of the nutrients both minor and major present in the soil are managed by microorganisms through integrated nutrient management. It has been observed that the efficiency of utilization of nutrients of high-grade complex fertilizers in terms of biological chemicals and agronomic/economic efficiency has dropped from 20 to below 9 in terms of kg grain/kg of NPK. It is therefore important to manage the nutrients in proper way

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