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POPULATION & LITERACY: A MESSAGE FOR COMMUNICATION
Prasad L and Chauhan CPS
Population is one of the factors which affects per capita output and the standard of living. Population changes may influence per capita output through their effects on human resources. Population explosion in developing countries is a matter of international concern. For India with 16% of the world’s population and 2.4% of the global land area, it is a problem of serious magnitude. India’s population size has increased from 34.2 crores at time of Independence to 84.4 crores as per the 1991 census.
Illiteracy is viewed as a serious impediment to an individual’s growth and socio-economic progress. The poverty, disease, failure of democratic system, socio-economic disparities, environmental negligence, unhygienic way of living, failure of development programmes etc. are all due to illiteracy and ignorance. Literacy is the most important aspect to accelerate the pace and magnitude of economic development. This paper is based on the research study i.e. Relative growth of population and Literacy in India.
The study was conducted to find out the relative growth of population and literacy. It has been observed that rate of growth of population has always higher than literacy because people were not aware about family planning due to illiteracy. So the Government’s family planning has become effortless and useless.
To examine the facts of the research the data have been taken from various sources to know the affecting factors of literacy growth. The data have been analyzed statistically and compared between population growth and literacy and findings have been drawn successfully.
It was found that due to lack of education, population has grown at large scale and literacy could not increase as per expectation. The overall literacy rate in the country increased from only 5.35 per cent in 1901 to 43.3 per cent in 1991. As regards to sex-wise literacy, it was found that there was wide disparities in male and female literates in the year 1901.
Technology mission for eradiation of illiteracy is a gigantic task with a global planning to wipe out illiteracy in the 15 to 35 age group. Universal enrolment and universal retention of children upto 14 years of age is necessary to stop the illiteracy. Every year 4 million are added to the number of illiterates due to growth of the population. The growth of population directly dilutes the living standards of people in the developing world. The overall analysis of the relative growth of population and literacy has revealed that the growth of literacy is not keeping space with the growing population in order to achieve complete literacy. So it may be concluded that we have to check the growth of population in order to increase the rate of literacy.