Tungro:

Symptoms:

• Tungro stunts rice plants and changed the leaf colour to shades of yellow or orange.
• Stunting is severe on susceptible varieties.
• Infected plants usually have somewhat fewer tillers than healthy plants.
• Yellowing stars from the leaf tip and extended to leaf blade.
• Often only the upper portion is discoloured, young leaves may appear mottled and old leaves may have rusty specks of various sizes.
• Diseased leaves contain relatively large quantities of starch.

       

 Vector and transmission:

• Principle vector: Nephoetettia virescens, the green rice leaf hopper, N. nigropictus, N. parvus and N.malayanus while Recilia dorsalis transmit the virus at lower rate.
• The virus is not transmitted through eggs, seed on soil nor by mechanical means.

Management:

• Rogue out diseased plants.
• Use resistant variety IR-20, Annapurna, indra, Vijya and Anamika.