Stem rot: Sclerotium oryzae Catt (Deuteromycotina: Mycelia Sterilia)
Kannada Name : Kanda Kole Roga
It is an important disease particularly in water logged areas.
Period of occurrence : Later stages of plant growth
Extent of yield loss: 18 to 56%
Favorable conditions for the pathogen:
- Weakened plant due to physiological imbalance
- Unusual drought or insect attack, particularly stem borer incidence
- Lodging of the plant
- High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application.
Sources of inoculum: Sclerotial bodies embedded in the infected stubbles and soil.
Mode of transmission: Irrigation or Flood water.
Symptoms:
- Small, black irregular lesions on the outer leaf sheath near the water line. As disease advances, the discoloration spreads up and down from the water line.
- Drying up of leaves at seedling stage.
- Lodging of the plant due to weakening of the stem base along with yellowing and death.
- Ears with lighter grains
Preventive measures:
- Use of resistant varieties like Govind, Jagannath, Jalmagna, Pankaj, Saharmati.
- Addition of organic manure
- Burn rice stubbles and infected straw.
- Irrigation water should not be directed from an infected to a non-infected field.
Control measures:
Chemical control- Foliar sprays should be taken up after draining the field.
Recommended fungicides
Sl. No.
Chemical name
Trade name
Dosage per l of water
Dosage for spray tank
10 l
12 l
16 l
Liquid/Spray formulations (EC, SL, WP, WG, WDG, SC)
1.
Iprobenphos 48 EC
Kitazin
2.0 ml
20 ml
24 ml
32 ml
2.
Carbendazim 50 WP
Bavistin, Jkstin, Derosal
1.0 g
10 g
12 g
16 g
3.
Thiophenate-methyl 70 WP
Roko
Topsin-m
1.0 g
10 g
12 g
16 g
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