Bollworm/pod borer : Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Noctuidae:Lepidoptera)

Local name: Kaayi korak

Damaging systems:

• The larvae feed on leaves, flower bud, flowers and pods.
• As a pod's borer it is often found exposing its posterior half with its anterior portion inside the pod.
• The damaged pods exhibits clear circular entry holes.

                                                   

Management:

Cultural methods

• Deep ploughing soon after the harvest of the crop to expose the pupae to sunlight.
• Growing early maturing varieties to escape the incidence of H.armigera.
• Growing of varieties at one time before 15th July to reduce the pest.
• Avoid excess Nitrogenous fertilizers.
• Crop rotation with non hosts.

                                  

               Summer ploughing                                                   Pigeonpea intercrop with sorghum

     Mechanical methods

• Setting pheromone traps (6-8 traps/ha) to monitor the post incidence
• ETL: 2-3 male moths/trap/day for conjugative 5 days, pheromone lure will be changed once in a 15-20 days.

                              

                  Pheromone trap                                                   Mannual method for removal larvae

Biological control

• Spraying of Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) 250 LE/acre along with 0.1 per cent teepol + 5 per cent boric acid + 0.5 per cent jaggery + 1000 litres/ha were sprayed in evening hours at 10 days interval for 3-4 sprayings.
• Spraying of Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 4 per cent

                                                 

                      NPV affected larva                                                                  HaNPV

IPM IN PIGEON PEA

• First spray  with ovicides like profenophos 50EC @ 2.0ml or thiodicarb 75 WP @ 0.6g or methomyl 40 SP @ 0.6 per liter of water at flowering stage
• Second spray with Neem seed Kernal Extract 5 % or commercially available formulations (1500 ppm Azadirachtin) @ 2ml / lit.

                                           Or

• Spray with Chilli 0.5%+Garlic 0.25% extract.

Preparation of GCK 1%.

1. Soak 1.5 kg crushed garlic bulb in 1.5 litre kerosene.
2. Soak 1.5 kg crushed green chilli in 1.5 litre kerosene.
3. Overnight soaking and filtering
4. Mix and add 0.2% detergent (emulsifier)
5. Spray @ 5 ml/l
6. Effective against sucking pests and caterpillar

• Third spray of HaNPV 250LE/ha, add jaggery @ 0.5% and Robin blue @ 0.1% to protect the virus particles from UV rays from sun light
• Fourth spray with spinosad 45 SC @ 0.1 ml per litre of water and 75ml required for one acre
• Fifth spray if necessary spary emamectin benzoate 0.2 g/ litre or Flubendiamide 48 SC 0.1 ml/litre of water.