Citrus butterfly/Citrus dog biology, Nature of damage and symptoms

S.N: Papilio demoleus (Papilionidae: Lepidoptera)

Regular and serious pest on all citrus species

Also attacks curry leaves

Appearance:

• Adult has black and yellow markings on wings
• Early instar larvae resemble bird droppings
• Late instar dark green, stout with a pair of hidden red osmetorium which emits defensive secretion when  disturbed

Biology:

• Grayish yellow eggs are laid singly on the leaf surface
• IP- 4 days; LP- 13-21 days; PP- 8-16 days
• Pupation in the plant and is called chrysalis

Nature of damage:

• Larva feed on the tender leaves

Damage symptoms:

• Defoliation of the plant