Area, production and productivity of major pulses

India is producing 14.76 million tons of pulses from an area of 23.63 million hectare, which is one of the largest pulses producing countries in the world.  However, about 2-3 million tons of pulses are imported annually to meet the domestic consumption requirement.  Thus, there is need to increase production and productivity of pulses in the country by more intensive interventions. 

Ongoing Schemes on Pulses Development

Presently, pulses development programmes are being implemented through the Centrally Sponsored Schemes of NFSM-Pulses, Integrated Scheme on Oilseeds, Pulses, Oil Palm and Maize (ISOPOM) and Integrated Crop Development Programme (ICDP)-Pulses under Macro Management Mode.  While ISOPOM is implemented in all the 433 districts of 14 States, NFSM Pulses is being implemented in mission mode in 171 districts of these states.  In addition, 15 districts of Jharkhand and 10 districts of Assam have recently been included under NFSM-Pulses for implementation with effect from 1^st April, 2010.  ICDP-Pulses is implemented in states other than the 14 NFSM/ISOPOM States.  NFSM-Pulses cover about 80% of the total area under pulses in the country.

 Technology Demonstration Initiative

To achieve target of additional production of pulses, it is necessary to concentrate efforts on five most important pulse crops depending upon there contribution in national production viz., chickpea (39%), pigeonpea (21%), mungbean (11%), urdbean (10%) and lentil (7%).  The area production and productivity of major pulses in India is reported in Table-1.  Further, information about important pulse crops in major states based on area and production of pulses is given in Table 2 -14.

 Objective

The objective of frontline demonstration is to demonstrate selected technologies in a compact block for five major pulses crops namely chickpea, pigeonpea, mungbean urdbean and lentil.   Total 6000 demonstrations will be conducted on these major pulses crops with the unit of 0.40 hectare area.  Total 6000 demonstrations will be divided into selected commodity-wise, pulses crops demonstrations based on proportionate percent area under respective crop. The demonstrations will be conducted for the period of three years. 

 Technologies to be demonstrated to the farmers

• Recently released, early maturing, high yielding, bold seeded, disease resistant varieties
• Planting techniques
• Integrated plant nutrient management
• Integrated weed management
• Integrated disease and insect           
• Irrigation and rain water management
• Intercropping

Components of demonstrations

• Demonstrations will be conducted by selected KVKs/SAUs/ICAR Institutes
• Organizing production and timely supply of quality inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, bio-fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides etc.
• Backstopping to the selected KVKs by SAUs/ICAR Institutes through one day Regional Workshops.
• Training to farmers and extension workers involved in conduct of frontline demonstrations

 Table 1. Area production and productivity of major pulses in India (Area: lakh ha, Production: Lakh tonnes, Productivity: kg/ha)

Particulars	Area	Per cent	Production	Per cent	Productivity
Chickpea	73.7	38.71	58.9	48.28	799.19
Pegionpea	36.3	19.07	27.6	22.62	760.33
Mungbean	34.4	18.07	14	11.48	406.98
Uradbean	31	16.28	14	11.48	451.61
Lentil	15	7.88	9.5	7.79	633.33
Total	190.4	100.00	124	101.64	651.2

 Table 2. Concentrate on important pulse crops in major States on area under the pulses

Crop	States to be covered
Chickpea	Madhya Pradesh (32.97%), Maharashtra (18.36%), Rajasthan (16.70%), Andhra Pradesh (8.55%), Karnataka (8.21%), Uttar Pradesh (6.85%) and Gujarat (2.92 %)
Pigeonpea	Maharashtra (32.37%), Karnataka (18.76%), Andhra Pradesh (12.75%), Uttar Pradesh (10.14%), Madhya Pradesh (9.64%) and Gujarat (6.69%)
Mungbean	Rajasthan (30.81%), Maharashtra (19.51%), Karnataka (15.35%), Andhra Pradesh (12.79%), Orissa (7.41%), Tamil Nadu (4.97 %) and Uttar Pradesh (2.09%)
Urdbean	Maharashtra (18.55%), Andhra Pradesh (16.23%), Madhya Pradesh (18.55%), Uttar Pradesh (12.61%), Tamil Nadu (11.00), Rajasthan (4.68), Orissa (4.84%)  and Karnataka (4.06)
Lentil	Madhya Pradesh (40.53%), Uttar Pradesh (37.60%), Bihar (10.80%) and West Bengal (4.00%)

Table 3. Concentrate on important pulse crops in major States on production of the pulses

Crop	States to be covered
Chickpea	Madhya Pradesh (29.37%), Maharashtra (20.03%), Andhra Pradesh (15.48%), Rajasthan (9.73%), Karnataka (9.63%), Uttar Pradesh (6.42%) & Gujarat (3.57 %)
Pigeonpea	Maharashtra (39.24%), Karnataka (17.57%), Andhra Pradesh (10.94%), Uttar Pradesh (11.85%), Gujarat (10.65%) and Madhya Pradesh (7.86%)
Mungbean	Rajasthan (34.67%), Maharashtra (30.92%), Andhra Pradesh (18.08%), Karnataka (9.00%), Orissa (5.17%), Tamil Nadu (4.58%) and Uttar Pradesh (3.33%)
Urdbean	Maharashtra(23.36%) AP(18.50%), UP(12.29%), MP(11.86%), Tamil Nadu (8.64%), Karnataka (4.57%), Rajasthan (4.29%) and Orissa (3.00%)
Lentil	Uttar Pradesh (45.79%), Madhya Pradesh (30.21%), Bihar (12.00%) and West Bengal (4.21%)

Table 4. Area, Production and Productivity of Chikpea in Major States

S. No.	Particulars	Area (lakh ha)	% Share	Production (lakh t)	% Share	Productivity (kg ha-1)
1	Andhra Pradesh	6.30	8.55	9.12	15.48	1447.62
2	Gujrat	2.15	2.92	2.10	3.57	976.74
3	Karnataka	6.05	8.21	5.67	9.63	937.19
4	Madhya Pradesh	24.30	32.97	17.30	29.37	711.93
5	Maharashtra	13.53	18.36	11.80	20.03	872.14
6	Uttar Pradesh	5.05	6.85	3.78	6.42	748.51
7	Rajastan	12.31	16.70	5.73	9.73	465.48
	Sub-total	69.69	94.56	55.50	94.23	796.38
	Total	73.70	100.00	58.90	100.00	799.19

Table 5. Area, Production and Productivity of Pigeonpea in Major States

S. No.	Particulars	Area (lakh ha)	% Share	Production (lakh t)	% Share	Productivity (kg ha-1)
1	Andhra Pradesh	4.63	12.75	3.02	10.94	652.27
2	Gujrat	2.65	7.30	2.94	10.65	1109.43
3	Karnataka	6.81	18.76	4.85	17.57	712.19
4	Madhya Pradesh	3.50	9.64	2.17	7.86	620.00
5	Maharashtra	11.75	32.37	10.83	39.24	921.70
6	Uttar Pradesh	3.68	10.14	3.27	11.85	888.59
	Sub-total	33.02	90.96	27.08	98.12	820.11
	Total	36.30		27.60		760.33

Table 6. Area, Production and Productivity of Greengram in Major States

S. No.	Particulars	Area (lakh ha)	% Share	Production (lakh t)	% Share	Productivity (kg ha-1)
1	Andhra Pradesh	4.40	12.79	2.17	15.50	493.18
2	Gujrat	2.30	6.69	1.21	8.64	526.09
3	Karnataka	5.28	15.35	1.08	7.71	204.55
4	Maharashtra	6.71	19.51	3.71	26.50	552.91
5	Uttar Pradesh	0.72	2.09	0.40	2.86	555.56
6	Rajasthan	10.60	30.81	4.16	29.71	392.45
7	Tamil Nadu	1.71	4.97	0.55	3.93	321.64
8	Orissa	2.55	7.41	0.62	4.43	243.14
	Sub-total	34.27	99.62	13.90	99.29	405.60
	Total	34.40	100.00	14	100.00	406.98

Table 7. Area, Production and Productivity of Blackgram in Major States

S. No.	Particulars	Area (lakh ha)	% Share	Production (lakh t)	% Share	Productivity (kg ha-1)
1	Andhra Pradesh	5.03	16.23	2.59	18.50	514.91
2	Karnataka	1.26	4.06	0.64	4.57	507.94
3	Madhya Pradesh	4.72	15.23	1.66	11.86	351.69
4	Maharashtra	5.75	18.55	3.27	23.36	568.70
5	Uttar Pradesh	3.91	12.61	1.72	12.29	439.90
6	Rajasthan	1.45	4.68	0.60	4.29	413.79
7	Tamil Nadu	3.41	11.00	1.21	8.64	354.84
8	Orissa	1.50	4.84	0.42	3.00	280.00
	Sub-total	27.03	87.19	12.11	86.50	448.02
	Total	31.00		14.00		451.61

Table 8. Area, Production and Productivity of Lentil in Major States

S. No.	Particulars	Area (lakh ha)	% Share	Production (lakh t)	% Share	Productivity (kg ha-1)
1	Madhya Pradesh	5.64	37.60	2.87	30.21	508.87
2	Uttar Pradesh	6.08	40.53	4.35	45.79	715.46
3	Bihar	1.62	10.80	1.14	12.00	703.70
	Sub-total	13.94	92.93	8.76	92.21	628.41
	Total	15.00	100.00	9.50	100.00	633.33

Table 9. Crop-wise Demonstration (To Be Organized as per the area)

Particulars	Area (lakh ha)	%	No. of Demonstrations (each of 0.40 ha)
Chickpea	73.7	33.3	2000
Pegionpea	36.3	24.4	1466
Mungbean	34.4	18.91	1135
Uradbean	31.0	15.43	926
Lentil	15.0	7.88	473
Total	190.4	99.92	6000

Table 10. Details of State-wise Front Line Demonstrations of Chickpea

State	No. of Demonstrations (0.40 ha)	Existing Yield (kg acre-1)	Expected Yield (kg acre-1)	Production @ Existing Yield (t)
Madhya Pradesh	720	285	800	230.90
Maharashtra	365	349	800	157.40
Rajasthan	325	186	800	76.30
Uttar Pradesh	148	299	800	50.20
Karnataka	180	375	600	75.80
Andhra Pradesh	190	579	800	121.60
Gujarat	72	391	800	28.20
All India	2000			740.20

Table 11. Details of State-wise Front Line Demonstrations of Pigeonpea

State	No. of Demonstrations (0.40 ha)	Existing Yield (kg acre-1)	Expected Yield (kg acre-1)	Production @ existing Yield (t)
Maharashtra	460	369	600	150.18
Karnataka	290	285	600	67.26
Andhra Pradesh	211	261	600	41.76
Uttar Pradesh	180	355	600	45.44
Madhya Pradesh	175	248	600	30.00
Gujarat	150	443	600	39.87
All India	1466			374.51

Table 12. Details of State-wise Front Line Demonstrations on Greengram

State	No. of Demonstrations (0.40 ha)	Existing Yield (kg acre-1)	Expected Yield (kg acre-1)	Production @ existing Yield (t)
Rajastan	319	157.00	600	52.60
Maharashtra	212	221.00	600	46.85
Karnataka	167	82.00	400	13.69
Andhra Pradesh	139	198.00	400	27.52
Gujarat	73	210.40	600	15.35
Orissa	81	97.00	600	7.86
Tamil Nadu	54	128.00	600	6.91
Uttar Pradesh	90	222.00	600	5.11
All India	1135			175.89

Table 13. Details of State-wise Front Line Demonstrations on Blackgram

State	No. of Demonstrations (0.40 ha)	Existing Yield (kg acre-1)	Expected Yield (kg acre-1)	Production @ existing Yield (t)
Maharashtra	208	227	400	47.22
Andhra Pradesh	182	206	400	37.49
Madhya Pradesh	171	141	200	24.11
Uttar Pradesh	90	176	300	24.82
Tamil Nadu	123	142	300	17.47
Orissa	54	112	200	6.05
Rajastan	52	166	200	8.63
Karnataka	46	203	300	9.34
All India	926			175.13

Table 14. Details of State-wise Front Line Demonstrations on Lentil

State	No. of Demonstrations (0.40 ha)	Existing Yield (kg acre-1)	Expected Yield (kg acre-1)	Production @ existing Yield (t)
Uttar Pradesh	206	286	800	58.92
Madhya Pradesh	191	204	400	38.96
Bihar	55	281	800	15.46
West Bengal	21	267	400	5.61
All India	473			118.95